Space and Man

              NASA has been established in 1958 to implement U.S. space efforts abreast of recent soviet achievements. Soviet became  the first country which put a man in space and return him to earth. One month later, Shepard's subortital flight restored faith in the U.S. space program. The acknowledgment that the number 13 in world history was unlucky has not changed in my American spaceflight.  There is no attempt made by "Mess Bogus" to issue a birth certificate for Apollo 13 without the number 13.  But when that attempt failed, Apollo 13 was launched on April 11, 1970, believing that myths could be defeated in the face of science, but unexpectedly an oxygen tank exploded halfway through.  As the myths triumphed over science, the astronauts were somehow brought to safety and barely saved Jama.  Instead of trying to recover, they wallow in their sadness and thus, experience more failure.  Due to this, the method of issuing birth certificates for space shuttles was changed.  Hence the names STS 1- up to STS 9 were given and henceforth renamed STS-41B, STS 41C.

     Scientists conclude that space travel damages a person's brain and, consequently, his cognitive functioning.  Scientists at several universities in the United States came to this conclusion by conducting a joint study of how low levels of radiation affect mice over a period of six months.  Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, and his colleagues at Stanford University and Colorado State University, as well as scientists at East Virginia Medical College, conducted a 24-week study of rat particles.  Studies by both scientists have shown that exposure to radiation impairs brain cells' ability to send and receive signals and, consequently, their ability to learn and remember.  The scientists concluded from the study that one in five astronauts on long-distance missions have anxiety behaviors and one in three have memory loss.  Scientists also say that the astronauts have to struggle to make decisions.  Scientists say there is an urgent need to use a special security tactic to prevent astronauts from being exposed to radiation as they travel to Mars.  Dr. Limorley says that the situation in space on Mars, which takes much longer to travel to the moon, is not at all favorable for astronauts.  He added that astronauts would be in grave danger from the aerospace environment.  Astronauts exposed to radiation particles in space cause various complications in the central nervous system, which can lead to persistent memory impairment, anxiety, stress, and difficulty making decisions even after space travel.  They can sometimes last a lifetime.  The full results of these studies were published in the publication 'Inuro'.

               Astronauts also eat three meals a day, morning, noon and night, and vary in the number of calories they need.  A woman with a small body needs about 1900 calories a day but a man with a large body needs about 3,200 calories a day.  An astronaut can choose from a variety of foods, including fruits, grains, nuts, greens, meats, butter, chicken, beef, and jaggery.  He also enjoys tea, coffee, pomegranate juice and fruit drinks.  At the aerospace station, however, an astronaut is not allowed to drink alcohol but is provided with spices, tomato juice, pepper, oil and vinegar, and egg yolk.  Salt is supplied to them in liquid form, not in powder form.  This is because no powder can be sprayed onto food in space, and when sprayed, it can float and clog the aircraft's air ducts, disable various equipment inside the spacecraft, or trap the astronauts' nostrils and ears.  Apart from fruits and other foods that do not require special preparation or cooking, the astronauts are provided with ovens to keep them at the desired temperature.  Since there are no refrigerators in space, food carried in space for long- distance travel must be prepared so as not to spoil.